Tinnitus Management: Expert Strategies for Relief
Tinnitus refers to the perception of sound when no external sound is present. It is commonly described as ringing or buzzing; however, it can be perceived as other noises in the ear or in the head. It may be a temporary or chronic condition.
Did you know that 12 million Americans have tinnitus? There are an estimated 40 million Americans (one out of every seven Americans) who seek physician consultation for tinnitus each year. While it is a very commonly reported symptom, it is not always a cause for concern. It is true that many individuals who have ear problems will list tinnitus among their symptoms.
As living organisms we all have a certain amount of internal "noise". Have you ever been in a quiet room and been more aware of your heartbeat, digestive track sounds, or breathing? Tinnitus is a sound that is generated inside of the body, just like a rumbling from the stomach. The biggest difference is that most of the time, others cannot hear the same sound. It can be confusing and scary to hear a noise that others do not. Some people's brains tune into these sounds and pay more attention to them. During the course of the day we are exposed to external sounds that stimulate the auditory pathway and often divert attention away from those internal sounds.
Understanding Tinnitus
Tinnitus is the perception of sound (e.g., ringing, rushing, roaring, hissing, etc.) in the head or ears in the absence of an external stimulus. Tinnitus is usually described according to location, duration, quality, pitch, and loudness. When tinnitus becomes bothersome, it is important to understand what is happening.
Hearing scientists are still studying the ear and parts of the brain that are linked to hearing. Over time with advances in science we are currently treating tinnitus using the neurophysiolocial model. Through the use of tests such as an MRI, scientists have been able to see changes in the brain in patients with tinnitus.
Initial Tinnitus Consultation
During an initial tinnitus consultation, a patient and audiologist:
- Assess and discuss the nature of the tinnitus.
- Review the history of the tinnitus, any hearing loss and any sensitivity to sounds.
- Discuss an individualized management plan.
Management of Tinnitus
While there is no "cure" to completely eliminate tinnitus, many patients are able to find significant relief. It is important to recognize that these management procedures and treatments are not intended to cure tinnitus. Rather, they are designed to assist you in developing coping strategies to better adapt to the symptoms.
Tinnitus management options include:
- Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
- Tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT)
- Sound-based therapy
- Amplification (hearing aids) and cochlear implants, when appropriate
- Relaxation techniques
- Good sleep hygiene
Research continues to examine the effectiveness of a variety of potential tinnitus management options.
Seeking Professional Help
The first step on the journey is scheduling an appointment for a hearing test and to see one of our specialized otolaryngologists (a neurotologist). The Tinnitus Clinic at Mass Eye and Ear offers individualized approaches to tinnitus counseling, management and treatment. You will first receive a comprehensive hearing evaluation, followed by a consultation with one of our ENT doctors (otolaryngologist). Your ENT doctor will determine if you need further medical attention. As part of your tinnitus counseling and management session, we will evaluate your tinnitus symptoms prior to discussing current treatments and management options, including their potential advantages and limitations.
| Management Option | Description | Potential Benefits |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) | Therapy to change negative thought patterns related to tinnitus. | Reduces distress and improves coping mechanisms. |
| Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT) | Habituation technique using sound therapy and counseling. | Reduces awareness and annoyance of tinnitus. |
| Sound Therapy | Using external sounds to mask or reduce the perception of tinnitus. | Provides temporary relief and promotes habituation. |
| Hearing Aids | Amplification devices to improve hearing and reduce tinnitus perception. | Enhances external sounds and reduces the focus on tinnitus. |
| Relaxation Techniques | Methods such as meditation and deep breathing to reduce stress. | Lowers stress levels and reduces tinnitus intensity. |